第 26 卷 第 11 期 岩石力学与工程学报 Vol.26 No.11 2007 年 11月 Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering Nov.， 2007 Received date: 2007–07–04；Revised date: 2007– 08–22 Corresponding author ：Arild Palmstrom(1943 –)，male，Ph. D.， received his Ph.D. degree from Oslo University in 1995. He is now a Senior Adviser at Norconsult AS，and his main interests are mainly covered in rock engineering. E-mail：arild.